Dasha Avatar of Vishnu
	The ten Avatars are: 1. Matsya - The Fish 2. Kurma- The Tortoise 3. Varaha- The Boar 4. Narasimha- The Man-Lion 5. Vamana - The Dwarf 6. Parasurama - The Warrior 7. Sri Rama - The King 8. Sri Krishna - The Cowherd 9. Buddha - The Teacher 10. Kalki - The Slayer
	Matsya Avatar All glories to you, O Lord of the Universe, who took the form of a fish. When the sacred hyms of the Vedas were lost in the waters of universaldevastation, you swam like a boat in that vast ocean to resue them. --------Poet Jayadeva The VEDAS, with the aid of which, BRAHMA, the creator God, performs his role, happened to slip out of his possession at a moment of his respite. An ASURA (Enemy of God) who was alert observed it and instantly devoured them. But, Vishnu, the preserver-God, was watching this. Since PRALAYA - Dissolution - was to follow soon, the VEDAS would be lost for the next spell of Creation, unless they were retrieved. As God was wondering what was to be done, he noticed Sage Satyavrata, who was doing penance subsisting on water alone, making the ritual offering of water of God. God immediately assumed the form of a Fish. As satyavrata scooped water from the flowing river, he espied a tiny fish in the water he had scooped. When he tried to put it back into the river, the Fish entered the sage not to do so as it would be eaten up by the big fishes in the river. Satyavrata took pity and took it into his KAMANDALU and went back to his hermitage. Overnight, the Fish grew too big to be in the Kamandalu. The next morning when the sage looked it up, the Fish requested him to remove him to a larger vessel. Satyavarta did so but soon the fish became too big for the larger vessel also. Addressing the Sage, the Fish said that he should protect him and find a suitable living space for it. Satyavarta then emptied the vessel into a large pond near the hermitage along with the Fish. But, in no time the Fish grew as large as the pond and filled it. Then the Fish exhorted the Sage to take it to a large and deep lake. Although Satyavarta took it to several lakes, one larger than the other, the Fish kept growing and bigger and bigger. It went on asking for larger and larger living space. Sathyavarata got vexed and decided to put it into the ocean. While he reached the ocean, the Fish addressed him thus: "oh Sage, do not put me into the ocean, I am sure to be swallowed by the gigantic creature there." Satyavarta became suspicious now. He was despairing to know how a fish could in a day grow so big as the largest lake and still find it not big enough for it to live there. In a flash, he realised that it was Lord Vishnu in the form of Fish. Satyavrata immediately prostrated before the Fish and prayed to be told why God had appeared in the form of Fish. The Lord told his devotee, "Just a week from now, the ocean will rise and inundate the entire Universe for the dissolution of creation. At that time you will see a spacious boat approaching you. Do collect all the seeds, plants and animals required for the next spell of creation and get into the boat and await me. Take VASUKI, the kind of Serpents, also with you. The SAPTHA RISHIS (seven Sages) will also be with you". The Fish left for fulfilling its mission. Hayagriva saw the gigantic fish approaching him and was overtaken by fear. He held the VEDAS tightly in his mouth. But soon the Divine Fish slew him and recovered the VEDAS and restored them to BRAHMA for him to resume the function of CREATION at the appropriate time. As foretold by the DIVINE FISH, PRALAYA (deluge) set in and on the turbulent waters, a boat appeared. Sage Satyavrata, the Saptha Rishis and all the living creatures found haven in the boat. The Fish in the colour of gold and now with a horn came by and ordered that the boat be tied to its horn using VASUKI as a rope. While the boat floated safely on the rising and enveloping waters, VISHNU taught the Rishis the highest form of Truth. This collection of truth has come to us in the form of MATSYA PURANA. Lord VISHNU in this manner saved his True Devotees from dissolution so as to hand down divine knowledge and saved the VEDAS from destruction so as ensure CREATION after the DISSOLUTION. Kurma Avatar In the aftermath of a curse by Sage Durvasa, Devas and and their king, INDRA, had become inglorious and powerless. It was as though they had been abandoned by Gods. They remained engulfed in darkness. Their eternal foes, ASURAS, were quick to seize the opportunity and conquer the emaciated Devas. Indra was dethroned and driven out along with his subjects. Feeling helpless and utterly humiliated, they went to BRAHMA, the Creator, and sought his help, explaining their predicament. Brahma took them to the abode of VISHNU, since it is the latter who preserves the order of the universe. Indra and Devas surrendered to VISHNU and prayed for their redemption. Lord VISHNU told them that the only way out for them was to secure the NECTAR of IMMORTALITY: and for that, they would have to strive immensely and (a) cast all kinds of plants, herbs, grassed and creepers into the Ocean of Milk, and (b) churn the ocean using Mount MANDARA as a churn-staff and VASUKI, the king of the serpents, as the rope for turning it. But how to shift the Mount, was the big question. VISHNU suggested that they make peace with their cousins and enemies and enlist their cooperation and help, and achieve their purpose. At the same time HE cautioned them not to covet any of the things that come out of the ocean and not to get angry even if those things were forcibly taken posession of by the ASURAS. HE assured them, however, that he would see to it that the ASURAS did not enjoy any portion of the NECTAR, no matter how much they toiled. While BRAHMA returned to his own abode, INDRA and the Devas made their journey to the court of Bali, king of the ASURAS. On seeing INDRA and the Devas approaching them, King Bali's followers were furious and about to attack and capture them. However, Bali counselled patience suggesting that they might after all be coming with a proposal which might benefit the Asuras as well. Accordingly, King Bali received Indra and the Devas with due honours. INDRA told the King why they had come to him and requested him to extend his help for the venture from which all of them could benefit. Bali and his Chiefs agreed to the proposal. Asuras and Devas made peace between themselves. Indra and Bali rallied their forces and began the task of lifting Mount Mandara. Uprooting the mount, they set out carrying it to the seashore. Even before they had carried it halfway, the forces found themselves unable to carry it any longer; and soon the mount came crashing on them. Large numbers of Devas and Asuras lay dead under it. Indra was heartbroken. While he was still thinking of appealing to Lord Vishnu, God appeared on the spot on his Vahana - Garuda - and by His mere glance revived the dead; and placing Mount Mandara on Garuda's back, He flew to the seashore, where the Devas and Asuras too followed. After the mount was safely brought down, Lord Vishnu asked Garuda to withdraw from the scene, lest VASUKI should keep himself away for fear of his natural enemy ( Garuda ). When he saw that Garuda was no longer there, VASUKI, arrived on the scene obeying the summons of VISHNU. The Lord assured the Serpent King that he too would get a share of the Nectar and that the rugged surface of the mount would not hurt him. Vasuki, in tune with his role, allowed himself to be wound around MANDARA as the churning rope. Devas and Asuras were very joyous and began churning the ocean with Mandara and Vasuki in place. But their joy was shortlived. Mount Mandara had no support and so sank into the ocean within a shortwhile. The mightiest of Devas and Asuras could not hold it. There was only one who could do it and it was Lord Vishnu. Assuming the form of a huge Tortoise(KURMA), the Lord plunged into the ocean and came up with the mountain on his back. The Lord had come to their rescue again. The Devas and Asuras lost no time to get back to their job of churning. However much they churned nothing came out of their efforts. They became weary and depressed. Lord intervened once more and did the churning too. With the churning in full steam, the concentrate of the impurities of the ocean threw up the deadly poison, HALAHALA. The poisonous fumes choked the Devas and Asuras. Not knowing what to do, Devas ran to Lord SHIVA collected it in his palm and swallowed it. As soon as the poison was removed, the Devas and Asuras resumed churning. As they churned and churned many precious things came to the surface but not the Nectar. Suddenly a being emerged with a jar in his arms. It was Dhanwantari with the jar of the nectar of IMMORTALLITY. The Asuras were quick to surmise that it was Nectar in the jar. They rushed towards Dhanwantari and snatched the jar from him and started quarrelling for getting the Nectar first. Devas watched the Asuras each one of whom was trying to grab the nectar for himself before everyone else. They were annoyed but kept their cool remembering the Lord's warning that they should not covet any precious thing coming out of the ocean or become angry over anything. Lord Vishnu appeared before them and approved their conduct and told them that He will charm the Asuras with the powers and secure the nectar from them. The Asuras already stood divided over partaking the Nectar. They now noticed a woman, who was the most beautiful that they had ever seen, approaching them. They were all struck by the dazzling beauty of the woman and they turned to enjoying the unrivalled beauty of the form, the limbs, the features and what not, of this enchanting figure. They didn't however know that it was none other than Lord Vishnu who had descended before them in that bewitching form, in the form of MOHINI and He had a purpose in assuming the form. In a state of infatuation, the Asuras gifted the Jar of Nectar to this beautiful woman and prayed to her to distribute it among them and bring peace and amity among themselves. Mohini condescended to do it but on condition that they would not question her actions, whatever they might be. The Asuras, not knowing who she was and totally under the spell of her charm, readily agreed to her condition. "Go bathe and assemble yourselves in one row with your cousins, the Devas in another row." ordered Mohini. When they were all assembled in two separate rows, Mohini began serving the Nectar to the Devas first. The Asuras were uneasy but chose to keep quiet as they had promised not to question her actions. By the time the last of the Devas in their row had been served, Mohini had made sure that there was no Nectar left to be served to the Asuras. Nectar of immortality would only cause untold harm and destruction, if granted to aggressive and unscrupulous beings like the Asuras. Then to the amazement of Asuras, Lord Vishnu assumed his own form and the Asuras realised that it was Vishnu who had appeared before them as Mohini. They demanded of Vishnu their share of Nectar; but they got only a smile from him in return. Mounting GARUDA, Lord Vishnu flew away from them. The Asuras felt cheated and immediately started attacking the Devas. With God on their side and with the Nectar inside, the Devas had regained their original splendour and strength and they were able to conquer the Asuras, who had to flee before the might of Devas. On the advice of Lord BRAHMA, conveyed through Sage Narada, INDRA called off the hostilities and returned to his realms with the Devas. The Lord thus did revive and restore the lost glory of those who were righteous and who sought refuge in him; and subdue those who were aggressive an unrighteous and who didn't repose faith in him. Lord VISHNU in this manner saved his True Devotees from dissolution so as to hand down divine knowledge and saved the VEDAS from destruction so as ensure CREATION after the DISSOLUTION. Varaha Avatar After PRALAYA, it was the beginning of a new KALPA. BRAHMA, the Creator, was busy in the work of creation. BHOOMADEVI (Mother Earth) was being tossed about in the turbulent waves; ultimately she was pushed to the bottom of the ocean. Brahma was troubled. He had to bring the Earth up, out of the deluge. He meditated on Lord VISHNU. "O Lord, please come to my rescue and recover Mother Earth" Brahma prayed. As He prayed to the Lord, a tiny white boar, smaller than his thumb, emerged out on one of his nostrils. Brahma was amazed and gazed at it. Instantly it grew and grew and became larger than an elephant. Brahma was wondering whether it was not Lord Vishnu himself in that form. The boar was yet growing in size and attained a colossal form. Brahma was convinced that it was Lord Vishnu himself. With a terrifying mighty roar, the Boar leaped into the air, pierced the clouds and came down diving into the ocean. It raced to the bottom of the ocean in search of the Earth. Searching tirelessly, it found Mother Earth at the other end of the ocean-bed. Digging his tusk into the ocean-bed, the Boar lifted BHOOMIDEVI on to it; and proceeded to rise to the surface. An ASURA by name HIRANYAKSHA had become mighty and powerful after a rigourous penence to BRAHMA from whom he had obtained boons. He went about challenging, threatening and conquering the Devas. Unable to face him, Devas had to go into hiding. Hiranyakasha, goaded by the arrogance of power, was spoiling for fight. He went up to VARUNA, lord of the waters and Guardian of Hydrosphere, and in pretended humility, implored him for a fight. Varuna knew that he was not equal to the Asura in prowess and the Asura was only mocking at him by acting humble. He controlled his anger and replied the Asura, " I am too old to fight and I have given up fighting. Not all can be equal to you. Only Lord Vishnu will be a match for you. Please go to him and engage him in fight." Coming across Sage Narada the Asura learnt that Vishnu was rising to the surface from the ocean-bed carrying BHOOMADEVI on his tusk - in the form of a boar - immediately he charged into the ocean and spotted the Lord in the act of rescuing the earth. "Hey beast, leave Bhoomadevi alone and come and fight me" shouted the Asura, chasing the animal. The Lord ignored his taunts as he had to, first of all, take BHOOMADEVI out of the ocean and put her to safety. As soon as He reached the surface of the ocean, the Lord placed her gently on it and blessed her. "May you fit into the Divine order" blessed the Lord. He now turned to Hiranyaksha and responded to his call for a fight. Hiranyaksha became furious and attacked the animal. The boar cleverly warded off his attack and counter-attacked with a mace. They were thus engaged in a furious fight, when Brahma appeared on the scene. "Twilight is approaching and in an hour he will become more powerfull and formidable. So, slay him quickly and rid us all of his menace" Brahma exhorted the boar. Hearing what Brahma told the animal, Hiranyaksha, in a fit of fury, hurled his mace at the animal. The animal caught hold of the mace as if it were a toy. Hiranyaksha now started hitting the animal on its chest with his powerful fists. The Boar in turn hit the Asura behind his ears. Hiranyaksha reeled and fell down dead. Brahma and Devas praised the Lord and sang His eternal glory.

Sri Venkateswara Suprabhatam
Lord Venkateswara of Tirupati, also known as Venkataramana Murty, is regarded as the last incarnation of Lord Vishnu. It is hard to find a household in south India where the hymns in praise of the lord are not recited. The Tirumala Tirupati temple in Andhra Pradesh attracts millions of visitors every year. It is also one of the most well maintained and managed temples with online reservations for visits and Poojas. The offerings and donations by the devotees amount to several millions of Rupees every year. A well-managed temple trust runs the "Venkateswara" hospitals, schools, colleges and a university with that money.
Sri Venkateswara Suprabhatam is recited during the early hours (Brahma Muhurta) every morning to wake up the Lord from his sleep. It is believed that Lord Venkateswara will bestow prosperity in abundance to devotees who recite this prarthana every morning. Its a very pleasant feeling to hear the clear voice of M S Subhalakshmi ring through the cool morning air.
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Sri Venkateswara Suprabhatam
kausalyasuprajarama!
purva sandhya pravartate,
uttistha! narasardula!
kartavyam daivam ahnikam.

O! Rama! Kausalya's auspicious child! Twilight is approaching in the East.
O! best of men (Purushottama)! Wake up, the divine daily rituals have to be performed.
uttisthottistha! govinda!
uttistha garudadhvaja!
uttistha kamalakanta!
trailokyam mangalam kuru.

O! Govinda, wake up! O! Garudadhvaja (one who has Garuda on his flag)! wake up. O! Kamalakanta (the husband of Kamala)! by rising, render the three worlds auspicious.
matas samsastajagatam madhukaitabhareh
vaksoviharini! manohara-divyamurte!
srisvanmini! sritajanapriya-danasile!
sri-venkatesa-dayite! Tava suprabhatam

May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee, O! Lakshmi, the Mother of the Worlds, who dwells on the chest of Vishnu, the enemy of the demons, Madhu and Kaitabha), of attractive and divine form, with the nature of granting what is desired by those seeking refuge!
tava suprabhatam aravindalochane!
bhavatu prasannamukha-chandramandale!
vidhisankarendra-vanitabhir archite! vrsasailanatha-dayite!dayanidhe


May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee, O! Lakshmi, the beloved of the Lord of Vrsacala, with eyes like lotus petals, with a bright face like the Moon, who is worshipped by Vani, Girija and Pulomaja (the wives of Brahma, Sankara and Indra) and who is very compassionate.
atryadi-saptarsayas samupasya sandhyam
aksasindhu-kamalani manoharani,
adaya padayugam archayitum prapanna
sesadri-sekhara-vibho! tava suprabhatam

Having worshipped the morning twilight and said their morning prayers, called sandhyavandana, the seven sages like Atri, bringing the beautiful lotuses from the divine Ganges, have arrived to worship Thy feet. Lord of Seshachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
panchananabjabhava sanmukha vasavadyah
traivikramadi charitam vibudhah stuvanti,
bhasapatith pathati vasarasuddhim arat
sesadri-sekhara-vibho! tava suprabhatam

The Gods, like the five-headed Brahma, the lotus-born Subrahmanya, and the six-headed Indra are praising the deeds of your incarnations as the Trivikramavatara. Nearby is Brhaspati who is reading out the planetary position (called Panchangam) of the day. Lord of Seshachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
isatpraphulla-sarasiruha-narikela-
pugadrumadi-sumanohara-palikanam
avati mandam anilah saha divyagandhaih
sesadri-sekhara-vibho! tava suprabhatam

The breeze, carrying the wonderful fragrance of the partly-opened lotuses,
and the beautiful trees like the Areca and Coconut, is blowing gently.
Lord of Seshachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
unmilya netrayugam uttama-panjarastah
patravasista-kadaliphalapayasani,
bhuktva salilam atha kelisukhah pathanti
sesadri-sekara-vibho! tava suprabhatam

The parrots in their cages are opening their eyes, and graciously singing,
after eating the remains of the plantain fruits and the payasam in the vessels.
Lord Seshachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
tantriprakarsa-madhurasvanaya vipanchya
gayaty anantacharitam tava narado'pi
bhasasamagram asakrt-karachararamyam
sesadri-sekhara-vibho! tava suprabhatam

The sage, Narada, is playing sweet music with his veena, and, in fine language, is singing praises of Thy endless deeds, gracefully waving his other hand. Lord of Seshachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
bhrngavali cha makaranda-rasanuviddha-
jhankaragita-ninadaih saha sevanaya,
niryaty upanta-sarasi-kamalodarebhyah
sesadri-sekhara-vibho! tava suprabhatam

The humming swarm of bees are sucking honey and emerging from the interiors of the lotuses of the adjoining pools, in order to serve Thee. Lord of Seshachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
yosa-ganena vara-dadhni vimathyamane
ghosalayesu dadhimanthana-tivraghosah,
rosat kalim vidadhate kakubhas cha kumbhah
sesadri-sekhara-vibho! tava suprabhatam

While the womenfolk of the hamlet of cowherds churn the curds, the loud sounds and echoes emanating from the pots seems like as if the pots and the eight directions are quarrelling. Lord of Seshachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
padmesa-mitra-satapatra-gatalivargah
hartum sriyam kuvalayasya nijanga-laksmya,
bherininadam iva bibhrati tivra-nadam
sesadri-sekhara-vibho! tava suprabhatam

The swarm of bees in the lotuses are friends of the sun, and are making lound sounds with a view to surpassing the splendour of the lustrous blue lotuses. Lord of Seshachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
srimann abhista-varadakhila-lokabandho!
srisrinivasa!jagadeka-dayaikasindho!
sridevata-grha-bhujantara-divyamurte!
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam

One with Lakshmi! One who grants boons! Friend of all the worlds! Abode of Sri Lakshmi! The matchless ocean of compassion! One having a charming form on account of the chest which is the abode of Sri Lakshmi! Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
srisvami-puskarinika-plava-nirmalangah
sreyorthino hara-virinchi-sanandanadyah,
dvare vasanti varavetra- hatottamangah
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam

Brahma, Shiva, Sanandana and several others have bathed in purified water. They are at your doorstep eager to see you, for their own well-being, though they have been hit with canes by your gods. Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
sri-sesasaila-garudachala-venkatadri-
narayanadri-vrsabhadri-vrsadri-mukhyam,
akhyam tvaduta-vasater anisam vadanit
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam

Lord of Venkatachala! Thy abode is always called by several names, such as Sri Sesasaila, Garudachala, Venkatadri, Narayanadri, Vrsabhadri, Vrsadri. May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
sevaparah siva-suresa-krsanu-dharma-
raksombunatha-pavamana-dhanadhinathah,
baddhanjali-pravilasan nijasirsa-desah
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam

Siva, Indra, Agni, Yama, Nairuti, Varuna, Vayu and Kubera, with folded hands placed on their heads, are desirous of offering service to thee. Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
dhatisu te vihangaraja-mrgadhiraja-
nagadhiraja-gajaraja-hayadhirajah,
svasvadhikara-mahimadikam arthayante
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam

The modes of Thy conveyance - Garuda, the Lord of Birds, the Lion, Lord of Animals, Adisesa, the Lord of Serpents, Airavata, the Lord of Elephants and Uccaissravas, the Lord of Horses - are begging Thee to grant them their respective authority and power to server Thee better, on your pleasure trips. Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
suryendu-bhauma-budha-vakpati-kavya-sauri
svarbhanu-kettu-divisat parisat pradhanah,
tvaddasa-dasa-charamavadhi-dasadasah
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam

The main deities of the Assembly of Gods - the nine planets - the Sun, the Moon, Mars (Angaraka), Mercury (Budha), Jupiter (Brhaspati), Venus (Sukra), Saturn (Sani), Rahu and Ketu are happy to serve even your servants and remain most obedient to Thee. Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
tvat-padadhuli-bharita-sphuritottamangah
svargapavarga-nirapeksa-nijanarangah,
kalpagamakalanayakulatam labhante
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam

Lord of Venkatachala! Thy devotees, whose heads are sanctified by the dust of Thy feet, being in Thy presence, do not desire Heaven or Liberation, but are worried that another kalpa will start, when there will be no such glory to Venkatachala! Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
tvad-gopuragra-sikharani niriksamanah
svargapavarga-padavim paramamsrayantah,
martya manusya-bhuvane matim-asrayante
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam

On seeing the crests of Thy temple tower, the mortals, who are attempting to attain the exalted paths of Heaven and Liberation, feel like living on in the mortal world, as it gives them the opportunity of worshipping Thee. Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
sri-bhumi-nayaka! dayadi-gunamrtabdhe!
devadhideva!jagadeka-saranyamurte,
srimann-ananta-garudadibhir architanghre!
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam
Lord of Sridevi and Bhudevi! The ocean of nectar of compassion and other virtues! The chief of the Gods! The sole refuge of the Universe! The possessor of Sri (wealth)! One whose feet are worshipped by Ananta and Garuda! Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
sripadmanabha! purusottama! vasudeva!
vaikuntha! madhava! janardana! chakrapane!
srivasta-chihna! sarangata-parijata!
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam
Padmanabha! Purushottama! Vasudeva! Vaikunta! Madhava! Janardana! Chakrapani! Bearer of the mole Srivatsa! Celestial tree (parijata) under whom refuge is sought! Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
kandarpa-darpa-hara-sundara-divyamurte!
kanta-kucamburuha-kutmala-loladrste!
kalyana-nirmala-gunakara! divyakirte!
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam
Bearer of the charming and divine form surpassing the pride of Cupid (Manmatha)!
One whose sight is fondly centred on the lotus bud like breasts of His beloved!
The abode of auspicious and pure virtues! The possessor of Divine fame!
Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
minakrte!kamatha!kola!nrsimha!varnin!
svamin!parasvatha-tapodhana!ramachandra!
sesamsarama! yadunandana! kalkirupa!
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam
Lord in ten incarnations of Matsya (Fish), Kamatha (Tortoise), Kola (Boar), Narasimha (Man-lion) Trivikrama (Dwarf), Parasurama, Rama, Balarama, Krishna and Kalki! Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
ela-lavanga-ghanasara-sugandhi-tirtham
divyam viyat-sariti hema-ghatesu purnam
dhrtvadya vaidika-sikhamanayah prahrstah
tisthanti venkatapate tava suprabhatam
The Brahmins, well-versed in the Vedas, are now joyfully waiting to worship you. They are carrying golden pots on their heads that are filled with the water of the Divine Ganges (Akasa Ganga), which has been rendered fragrant by mixing cardamom, cloves and camphor in it. Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
bhasvan udeti vikachani saroruhani
sampurayanti ninadaih kakubho vihangah,
srivaisnavas satatam arthita-mangalas te
dhamasrayanti tava venkata! suprabhatam
The Sun is rising; the lotuses have blossomed; the birds are twittering;
the Sri Vaishnavas, always imploring auspiciousness, are waiting at Thy abode.
Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
brahmadayas suravaras samaharsayas te
santas sanadana-mukhastv atha yogivaryah
dhamantike tava hi mangala-vastu-hastah
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam
Brahma,the great sages and the good Yogins as Sanandana are waiting at Thy abode,
with auspicious offerings in their hands. Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
laksminivasa! niravadya-gunaika-sindho!
samsara-sagara-samuttaranaika-seto!
vedantu-vedya-nijavaibhava! bhaktabhogya!
sri-venkatachalapate! tava suprabhatam
Abode of Lakshmi! Ocean of faultless and auspicious virtues!
Bridge to cross the ocean of transmigration (samsara)!
One whose glory is known through the Upanishads! One who is enjoyed by devotees!
Lord of Venkatachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee
ltham vrishachala paterlha suprabhatham
Ye manava: prathidinam patithum pravrutha:
Thesham prabhatha samaye smruthirangabhhajam
Praghayam paraartha subhalaam paramaam prasoothe
Sri Venkatesa Stotram
kamala-kucha-chuchuka-kunkumato
niyatarunitatula-nilatano!
kamalayata-lochana!lokapate!
vijayi bhava!venkata sailapate
Lord of Venkatachala!
One whose matchless blue body is ever rendered red
by the saffron on the breasts of Kamala (called Sridevi);
One whose eyes are broad like the petals of the lotus
sachaturmukha-sanmukha-panchamukha-
pramukhakhila-daivata-maulimane!
sarangatavatsala!saranidhe!
paripalaya mam vrsa-sailapate
The crest-jewel of all Gods like Brahma,
Kumarasvami and Maheshwara!
The Compassionate One to those seeking protection!
Protect me, O Lord of Vrsasaila!
ativelataya tava durvisahair-
anuvela-krtair aparadha-sataih,
bharitam tvaritam vrsa-sailapate!
paraya krpaya paripahi hare
Lord of Vrsasaila!
May Thou (O Hari!) with Thy extreme mercy protect me
who has always committed various unendurable sins
kalavenu-ravavasa-gopavadhu-
satakoti-vrtat smarakoti-samat,
prati-vallavikabhimatat sukhadat
vasudeva-sutan na param kalaye
I do not understand any one other than Krishna
who is surrounded by innumerable cowherdesses (gopikas)
who are enchanted by the sweet music of His flute;
who equals the beauty of all the Cupids (Manmathas);
who gives joy and is dear to each gopika
abhirama-gunakara!dasarathe!
jagadeka-dhanurdhara! dhiramate!
raghunayaka! rama! ramesa! vibho!
varado bhava! deva! daya-jaladhe!
Source of enchanting virtues !
Rama! The Matchless Archer of the Universe!
The Steady-minded One! The Best of the race of Raghu! Ramesa!
The All-pervading! The Ocean of Compassion! O Lord ! Grant us boons
avani-tanaya-kamaniya-karam
rajanikara-charu-mukhambu-ruham,
rajanichara-raja-tamo-mihiram
mahaniyam aham raghuramam aye
I seek refuge in Raghurama who does what Sita likes,
who has a beautiful face like the Moon,
who is like the Sun to put an end to darkness (Ravana the King of Demons),
and who is exalted
sumukham suhrdam sulabham sukhadam
svanujam cha sukayamamoghasaram,
apahaya raghudvaham anyam aham
na kathanchana kanachana jatu bhaje
At no time and in no way, do I worship any one other than Rama,
who has elevated the Raghu race, who has a handsome face,
a good heart, is easily attainable, has good brothers,
has a beautiful body and whose arrows are unfailing
vina venkatesam na nanatho na nathah
sada venkatesam smarami smarami
hare! venkatesa! prasida presida
priyam venkatesa! prayaccha prayaccha
There is no saviour other than Venkatesa.
I will always pray to Venkatesa. O Hari Venkatesa!
Be pleased and grant us favours
aham duratas te padambhoja-yugma-
prana-mecchayagatya sevam karomi,
sakrt sevaya nitya-sevaphalam team
prayaccha prayaccha prabho venkatesa
O Lord! Having come from afar,
with a desire to salute Thy lotus-like feet, I serve Thee Venkatesa!
Please give me the opportunity for this occasional worship
ajnanina maya dosan
asesan vihitan hare!
ksamasva tvam ksmasva tvam
sesasailasikhamane
O Hari! The jewel-crest of Sesasaila!
Pardon me for all the sins committed by me, an ignorant being
Sri Venkatesa Prapatti
isanam jagato 'sya venkatapater visnoh param preyasim
tad-vaksassthala-nityavasa rasikam tatsantisamvardhinim,
padmalankrta-panipallava-yugam padmasanastham sriyam
vatsalyadi-gunojjyalam bhagavatim vande jaganmataram

I salute Goddess Lakshmi, who is the Queen of the Universe, who is the most beloved of Vishnu, the Lord of Venkatachala, who is fond of dwelling on His (Vishnu's) chest, who is the promoter of His forgiving nature, who has hands decorated with lotuses, who is seated on a lotus in the posture of a lotus (called padmasana), who shines with virtues like mercy and who is the Mother of the Universe
sriman!krpa-jalanidhe!krta-sarvaloka!
sarvajna! sakta! nata-vatsala! Sarvasesin
svamin!susila-sulabhasrita parijata!
sri-venkatesa! charanau saranam prapadye

One who possesses Sri (wealth)! Ocean of Compassion! Creator of the whole Universe! The Omniscient! The Almighty! Affectionate to those that bow to Thee! The Principal of the animate and inanimate world! Easily attainable by persons of good conduct! the Divine tree (parijata)
to those who seek refuge! Venkatesa! I stay at Thy feet
anupurarpita-sujata-sugandhi-puspa-
saurabhya-saurabha-karausama-sannivesau,
saumyau sadanubhavane'pi navanu-bhavyau
sri-venkatesa-charanau saranam prapadye

I seek refuge at Venkatesa's feet which add fragrance to the scent of the sweet-smelling flowers which decorate His feet up to His anklets, which are well-placed and handsome, which are always enjoyable even though they are ever seen
sadyo-vikasi-samuditvara-sandraraga-
saurabhya-nirbhara-saroruha-samya-vartam,
samyaksu sahasa-padesu vilekhayantau
sri-venkatesa-charanau saranam prapadye

I seek refuge at Sri Venkatesa's feet, and it induces us to compare His beautiful feet with lotuses that have just blossomed and emanate fragrance and red colour. This comparison is hasty and not right as the feet of the Lord are several times superior to lotuses
rekhamaya-dhvaja sudha-kalasatapatra-
vajrankusamburuha-kalpaka-sankha-chakraih,
bhavyair alankrta-talau paratattva-chihnaih
sri-venkatesa charanau saranam prapadye

I seek refuge at Venkatesa's feet whose soles bear marks of the Supreme Spirit like the Banner, Pot of Ambrosia, Umbrella, Thunderbolt, Lotus, Divine Tree (Kalpa vrksa), Conch and the Disc which can be seen in the form of auspicious lines
suprema-bhiti kamala-karapallavabhyam
samvahane'pi sapadi klamam adadhanau
kantay avan-manasa-gochara-saukumaryau
sri venkatesa-charanau saranam prapadye

I seek refuge at Venkatesa's feet which, though massaged with love and apprehension by the hands of Lakshmi, are experiencing fatigue, and are yet very charming, the tenderness of which is not within the scope of speech or mind
laksmi-mahi-tadanurupa-nijanubhava-
niladi-divya-mahisi-kara-pallavanam,
arunya-sankramanatah kila sandraragau
sri venkatesa charanau saranam prapadye

I seek refuge at Venkatesa's feet which have become extremely red on account of the union with the redness of the hands of the Divine queens like Sridevi, Bhudevi and Niladevi
nityanamad-vidhi-siadi-kiritakoti-
pratyupta-dipta-navaratna-mahah-prarohaih
nirajanavidhim udaramupadadhanau
sri-venkatesa-charanau saranam prapadye

I seek refuge at Venkatesa's feet which receives as it were, the grand nirajana (harati), through the lustre of the nine gems studded on the crowns of Brahma, Siva and others who bow their heads every day before Him
visnoh pade parama ity udita-prasamsau
yau madhva utsa iti bhogyatayapy upattau,
bhuyas tatheti tava panitala-pradistau
sri venkatesa! charanau sarnam prapadye

Venkatesa! I seek refuge at Thy feet which are extolled (in the Rig Veda I.154.5) as 'Vishnu parame pade' (meaning 'in the most exalted abode of Vishnu); as 'madhava utsah' (meaning 'the fountain of honey'); as extremely enjoyable; and which are indicated as such by the direction in which Thy palm points
parthaya tatsadrsa-sarathina tvayaiva
yau darsitau svacharanau sarnam vrajeti
bhuyo'pi mahyam iha tau karadarsitau te
sri-venkatesa! charanau sarnam prapadye

Venkatesa! I seek refuge at Thy feet which were shown (in your incarnation as Krishna) to the worthy charioteer, Arjuna, for him to seek refuge, and which, now on Venkatadri, are again pointed out by Thy hand for me to seek refuge
manmurdhni kaliyaphane vikatatavisu
sri-venkatadri-sikhare sirasi srutinam,
chittepy ananya-manasam samam ahitau te
sri-venkatesa! charanau saranam prapadye

Venkatesa! I seek refuge at Thy feet which are placed in the same way: on my sinner's head, on the hood of the serpent Kaliya, in the thick forests, on the peak of Venkatachala, in the Upanishads and in the hearts of the sages who meditate on God. (It means Venkatesa is omnipresent)
amlana-hrsyad-avanitala-kirna-puspau
sri-venkatdri-sikharabharanayamanau,
ananditakhila-mano-nayanau-tavaitau
sri-venkatesa! charanau saranam prapadye

Venkatesa! I seek refuge at Thy feet around which the scattered flowers remain fresh and unwithered. Thy feet which are an ornament of Venkatachala, delight the hearts and eyes of all
prayahprapanna-janata-prathamavagahyau
matuh stanaviva sisor mrtayamanau
praptau paraspara-tulam atulantarau te
sri-venkatesa! charanau saranam prapadye

Venkatesa! I seek refuge at Thy feet which are to be seen at first by people who pay obeisance to them often; which are nectar like mother's milk to her child; which can be compared with each other, but incomparable with anything else
satvottarais-satata-sevya-padambujena
samsara-taraka-dayardra-drganchalena,
saumyopayantr-munina mama darsitau te
sri-venkatesa! charanau saranam prapadye

Venkatesa! I seek refuge at Thy feet which are shown to me by the sage Manavala, the sage whose feet are always worshipped by Sattvic people (men of sattva guna) and whose mind and merciful glances enable mankind to cross the ocean of transmigration (samsara)
srisa! sriya ghatikaya tvadupayabhave
prapye tvayi svayam upeyatavasphurantya,
nityasritaya niravadya-gunaya tubhyam
syam kinakaro vrsagirisa! na jatu mahyam

Srinivasa! When Thou art a means i.e., upaya (to the devotees for attainment of the Supreme Abode, i.e. Liberation), Lakshmi brings about this. When Thou becometh the object of attainment (prapya), Lakshmi appears to be so resorting to Thee always. Thou art of pure faultless qualities. I become servant to Thee and not to myself at any time
Sri Venkatesa Mangalasasanam

sriyah kantaya kalayana-
nidhaye nidhaye'rthinam,
sri venkata nivasaya
srinivasaya mangalam
May all auspiciousness be unto Srinivasa,
who is the Lord of Lakshmi; resides in the
abode of auspiciousness; is a treasure trove
of supplicants and dwells on the Venkatachala!
laksmi-savibhramaloka-
subhru-vibhrama chaksuse,
chaksuse sarvalokanam
venkatesaya mangalam
May all auspiciousness be unto Sri Venkatesa
whose charming eyes with beautiful eyebrows
gaze at Lakshmi and who is the eye of all the worlds!
sri-venkatadri-srngagra-
mangalabharananghraye,
mangalanam nivasaya
srinivasaya mangalam
May all auspiciousness be unto Sri Srinivasa
whose feet are an auspicious ornament for the crest
of Venkatachala, and who is the abode of auspiciousness
sarvavayava-saundarya-
sampada sarvachetasam,
sada sammohanayastu
venkatesaya mangalam
May all auspiciousness be unto
Sri Venkatesawhose wealth of bodily
charm causes wonder in all living beings
nityaya niravadayaya
satyananda-chidatmane
sarvantaratmane
srimad-venkatesaya mangalam
May all auspiciousness be unto Sriananda
who is the Inner Soul of all, and to Venkatesa
who is eternal, blemishless, and of the form
of sat (existence) chit (consciousness) andanand (bliss)

svatas sarva-vide sarva-
saktaye sarva-sesine,
sulabhaya susilaya
venkatesaya mangalam
May all auspiciousness be unto Sri Venkatesa who is self-omniscient, omnipotent,
principal of all, easily attainable and of good character

parasmai brahmane purna-
kamaya paramatmane
prayunje para-tattvaya
venkatesaya mangalam
May all auspiciousness be unto Sri Venkatesa who is the Supreme Brahman, whose desires are fulfilled, and who is the Supreme Soul

akala-tattvam asrantam
atmanam anupasyatam,
atrptyamrta-rupaya
venkatesaya mangalam
May auspiciousness be unto Sri Venkatesa whose ever-charming form is like nectar to living beings who gaze upon Him incessantly as long as Time lasts

prayah svacharanau pumsam
saranyatvena panina
krpaya disate srimad-
venkatesaya mangalam
May auspiciousness be unto Sri Venkatesa, whose right hand
(called Varadahasta) points to His feet, which is the refuge for all human beings

dayamrta-taranginyas
tarangair iva sitalaih,
apangais sinchate visyam
venkatesaya mangalam
May all auspiciousness be unto Sri Venkatesa who cools the Universe with His glances, which are like the waves of the river of nectar of compassion

srag-bhusambara-hetinam
susamavahamurtaye
sarvati-samanayastu
venkatesaya mangalam
May all auspiciousness be unto Sri Venkatesa whose form lends splendour to the garlands, ornaments, garments and weapons which He bears, and whose form subdues all afflictions

sri-vaikuntha-viraktaya
svami-puskarini-tate,
ramaya ramamanaya
venkatesaya mangalam
May all auspiciousness be unto Sri Venkatesa who, giving up His attachment to Sri Vaikunta, sports gracefully with Lakshmi on the banks of the Swamipushkarini

srimat-sundara jamatr-
munimanasa-vasine,
sarvaloka nivasaya
srinivasaya mangalam
Mayall auspiciousness be unto Sri Srinivasa who dwells in the heart of the sage Manavala and all the worlds

mangalasasana-parair
madacharya-purogamaih,
sarvais cha purvair acharyaih
satkrtayastu mangalam
May all auspiciousness be unto Sri Venkatesa who has been worshipped by my teachers and their predecessors, and all those devoted to reciting the Mangalasasanam
Balaji full image

Shri Hanuman Chalisa

Shri Guru Charan Saroj Raj After cleansing the mirror of my mind with the pollen
Nij mane mukure sudhar dust of holy Guru's Lotus feet. I Profess the pure,
Varnao Raghuvar Vimal Jasu untainted glory of Shri Raghuvar which bestows the four-
Jo dayaku phal char fold fruits of life.(Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha).

Budhi Hin Tanu Janike Fully aware of the deficiency of my intelligence, I
Sumirau Pavan Kumar concentrate my attention on Pavan Kumar and humbly
Bal budhi Vidya dehu mohe ask for strength, intelligence and true knowledge to
Harahu Kalesa Vikar relieve me of all blemishes, causing pain.

Jai Hanuman gyan gun sagar Victory to thee, O'Hanuman! Ocean of Wisdom-All
Jai Kapis tihun lok ujagar hail to you O'Kapisa! (fountain-head of power,wisdom
and Shiva-Shakti) You illuminate all the three worlds
(Entire cosmos) with your glory.

Ram doot atulit bal dhama You are the divine messenger of Shri Ram. The
Anjani-putra Pavan sut nama repository of immeasurable strength, though known
only as Son of Pavan (Wind), born of Anjani.

Mahavir Vikram Bajrangi With Limbs as sturdy as Vajra (The mace of God Indra)
Kumati nivar sumati Ke sangi you are valiant and brave. On you attends good Sense
and Wisdom. You dispel the darkness of evil thoughts.

Kanchan varan viraj subesa Your physique is beautiful golden coloured and your dress
Kanan Kundal Kunchit Kesa is pretty. You wear ear rings and have long curly hair.

Hath Vajra Aur Dhuvaje Viraje You carry in your hand a lightening bolt along with a victory
Kandhe moonj janehu sajai (kesari) flag and wear the sacred thread on your shoulder.

Sankar suvan kesri Nandan As a descendant of Lord Sankar, you are a comfort and pride
Tej pratap maha jag vandan of Shri Kesari. With the lustre of your Vast Sway, you are
propitiated all over the universe.

Vidyavan guni ati chatur You are the repository of learning, virtuous and fully accom-
Ram kaj karibe ko aatur plished, always keen to carry out the behest's of Shri Ram.

Prabu charitra sunibe ko rasiya You are an ardent listener, always so keen to listen to the
Ram Lakhan Sita man Basiya narration of Shri Ram's Life Stories. Your heart is filled with
what Shri Ram stood for. You therefore always dwell in the
hearts of Shri Ram, Lakshman and Sita.

Sukshma roop dhari Siyahi dikhava You appeared before Sita in a Diminutive form and spoke to
Vikat roop dhari lanka jarava her in humility. You assumed an awesome form and struck
terror by setting Lanka on fire.

Bhima roop dhari asur sanghare With over-whelming might you destroyed the Asuras
Ramachandra ke kaj sanvare (demons) and performed all tasks assigned to you by Shri Ram
with great skill.

Laye Sanjivan Lakhan Jiyaye You brought Sanjivan (A herb that revives life) and restored
Shri Raghuvir Harashi ur laye Lakshman back to life, Shri Raghuvir (Shri Ram) cheerfully
embraced you with his heart full of joy.

Raghupati Kinhi bahut badai Shri Raghupati (Shri Ram) lustily extolled your excellence and
Tum mam priye Bharat-hi sam bhai said: "You are as dear to me as my own brother Bharat."

Sahas badan tumharo yash gaave Thousands of living beings are chanting hymns of your glories;
Us kahi Shripati kanth lagaave saying thus, Shri Ram warmly hugged him (Shri Hanuman).

Sankadik Brahmadi Muneesa When prophets like Sanka, even the Sage like Lord Brahma,
Narad Sarad sahit Aheesa the great hermit Narad himself, Goddess Saraswati and Ahisha
(one of immeasurable dimensions).

Yam Kuber Digpal Jahan te Even Yamraj (God of Death) Kuber (God of Wealth) and the
Kavi kovid kahi sake kahan te Digpals (deputies guarding the four corners of the Universe)
have been vying with one another in offering homage to your
glories. How then, can a mere poet give adequate expression
of your super excellence.

Tum upkar Sugreevahin keenha You rendered a great service to Sugriv. You united him with
Ram milaye rajpad deenha Shri Ram and he installed him on the Royal Throne. By heeding
Tumharo mantra Vibheeshan mana your advice, Vibhishan became Lord of Lanka. This is known
Lankeshwar Bhaye Sub jag jana all over the Universe.

Yug sahastra jojan par Bhanu On your own you dashed upon the Sun, which is at a fabulous
Leelyo tahi madhur phal janu distance of thousands of miles, thinking it to be a sweet
luscious fruit.

Prabhu mudrika meli mukh mahee Carrying the Lord's Signet Ring in your mouth, there is
Jaladhi langhi gaye achraj nahee hardly any wonder that you easily leapt across the ocean.

Durgaam kaj jagat ke jete The burden of all difficult tasks of the world become light
Sugam anugraha tumhre tete with your kind grace.

Ram dware tum rakhvare, You are the sentry at the door of Shri Ram's Divine Abode.
Hoat na agya binu paisare No one can enter it without your permission,

Sub sukh lahai tumhari sarna All comforts of the world lie at your feet. The devotees enjoy all
Tum rakshak kahu ko dar na divine pleasures and feel fearless under your benign Protection.

Aapan tej samharo aapai You alone are befitted to carry your own splendid valour. All the
Teenhon lok hank te kanpai three worlds (entire universe) tremor at your thunderous call.

Bhoot pisach Nikat nahin aavai All the ghosts, demons and evil forces keep away, with the
Mahavir jab naam sunavai sheer mention of your great name, O'Mahaveer!!

Nase rog harai sab peera All diseases, pain and suffering disappear on reciting regularly
Japat nirantar Hanumant beera Shri Hanuman's holy name.

Sankat se Hanuman chudavai Those who remember Shri Hanuman in thought, words and deeds
Man Karam Vachan dyan jo lavai with Sincerity and Faith, are rescued from all crises in life.

Sub par Ram tapasvee raja All who hail, worship and have faith in Shri Ram as the Supreme
Tin ke kaj sakal Tum saja Lord and the king of penance. You make all their difficult tasks
very easy.

Aur manorath jo koi lavai Whosoever comes to you for fulfillment of any desire with faith
Sohi amit jeevan phal pavai and sincerity, Will he alone secure the imperishable fruit of human life.

Charon Yug partap tumhara All through the four ages your magnificent glory is acclaimed far
Hai persidh jagat ujiyara and wide. Your fame is Radiantly acclaimed all over the Cosmos.

Sadhu Sant ke tum Rakhware You are Saviour and the guardian angel of Saints and Sages and
Asur nikandan Ram dulhare destroy all Demons. You are the angelic darling of Shri Ram.

Ashta sidhi nav nidhi ke dhata You can grant to any one, any yogic power of Eight Siddhis
Us var deen Janki mata (power to become light and heavy at will) and Nine Nidhis
(Riches,comfort,power,prestige,fame,sweet relationship etc.)
This boon has been conferred upon you by Mother Janki.

Ram rasayan tumhare pasa You possess the power of devotion to Shri Ram. In all rebirths
Sada raho Raghupati ke dasa you will always remain Shri Raghupati's most dedicated disciple.

Tumhare bhajan Ram ko pavai Through hymns sung in devotion to you, one can find Shri Ram
Janam janam ke dukh bisravai and become free from sufferings of several births.

Anth kaal Raghuvir pur jayee If at the time of death one enters the Divine Abode of Shri Ram,
Jahan janam Hari-Bakht Kahayee thereafter in all future births he is born as the Lord's devotee.

Aur Devta Chit na dharehi One need not entertain any other deity for Propitiation, as
Hanumanth se hi sarve sukh karehi devotion of Shri Hanuman alone can give all happiness.

Sankat kate mite sab peera One is freed from all the sufferings and ill fated contingencies of
Jo sumirai Hanumat Balbeera rebirths in the world. One who adores and remembers Shri Hanuman.

Jai Jai Jai Hanuman Gosahin Hail, Hail, Hail, Shri Hanuman, Lord of senses. Let your victory
Kripa Karahu Gurudev ki nyahin over the evil be firm and final. Bless me in the capacity as my
supreme guru (teacher).

Jo sat bar path kare kohi One who recites Chalisa one hundred times, becomes free from the
Chutehi bandhi maha sukh hohi bondage of life and death and enjoys the highest bliss at last.

Jo yah padhe Hanuman Chalisa All those who recite Hanuman Chalisa (The forty Chaupais)
Hoye siddhi sakhi Gaureesa regularly are sure to be benedicted. Such is the evidence of no less a
witness as Bhagwan Sankar.

Tulsidas sada hari chera Tulsidas as a bonded slave of the Divine Master, stays perpetually at
Keejai Das Hrdaye mein dera his feet, he prays "Oh Lord! You enshrine within my heart & soul."

Pavantnai sankat haran, Oh! conqueror of the Wind, Destroyer of all miseries, you are a
Mangal murti roop. symbol of Auspiciousness.
Ram Lakhan Sita sahit, Along with Shri Ram, Lakshman and Sita, reside in my heart.
Hrdaye basahu sur bhoop. Oh! King of Gods.

* 1 History
* 2 Reform movements
* 3 Hindu nationalism
* 4 Present state
* 5 Diwali in India
* 6 Census of 2001

[edit] History

Main article: History of Hinduism

[edit] Reform movements

Because of the alarming rate of conversions during the British Raj, Hinduism in India and abroad (like Guyana and Suriname) underwent a series of reforms. The spearheading organisations being Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj. Religious leaders like Swami Vivekananda, Dayanand Saraswati, Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Sri Aurobindo and political leaders like Gandhi called for reform and complete turnover of the social structuring.Tulasidas,Sant Kabeer Das, Raidas, Chaitnya Mahaprabhu etc were pioneer of the bhakti movement for the social reformation.

[edit] Hindu nationalism

Main article: Hindu nationalism

The cause of revivalist Indian nationalism, as well as Hindu nationalism fuelled these reforms. Hindu nationalism was aggressively promoted by freedom fighters like:

1. Vinayak Damodar Savarkar - for the formation of a Hindu nation.
2. Bal Gangadhar Tilak - promoted Hindu festivals like Ganesh Chaturthi, Diwali.
3. Purushottam Das Tandon - promoted Hindi as the national language of India.
4. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel - one of the main people who struggled for Political integration of India.
5. S. Srinivasa Iyengar - worked hard to deliver a resolution upholding Hindu-Muslim unity, bringing about a temporary political agreement between the political leaders of the two communities.
6. Rabindranath Tagore - wrote the national anthem of India.
7. Mahamana Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya- Established Kashi Hindu Vishwavidyalay(www.bhu.ac.in) in Varansi a great seat of learing for modern science, technology, Dharma Vidya etc.He was great lawyer,educationsit, politician but he was an exception in politics, as he left the apex carrier of ploitics and chose to social service.

Others include: Lala Lajpat Rai, Sarojini Naidu, Syama Prasad Mookerjee, K.B. Hedgewar.

The 1947 Partition of India gave rise to bloody rioting and indiscriminate killing of Hindus and Muslims. This was a major factor in fuelling Hindu-Muslim animosity. What followed over the years was the laying of secular principles in the Indian Constitution. The last 60 years have been relatively peaceful in most parts of the country except with the notable exception of communal riots in 1991 and 2002.

[edit] Present state

Today, Hinduism plays pivotal roles in politics, with political parties siding with one community, often at the expense of the other through votebank politics. However, radical Islamic and Hindu elements are still evident in some sensitive areas like Godhra, Mathura, Ayodhya, Mumbai, etc. There are 930 million Hindus(80% of Population) living in India right now, which is the majority of the world's Hindu population.

[edit] Diwali in India

Diwali in India is celebrated much more vigorously than anywhere else. They do most of the things other countries do to celebrate Diwali, and more. In India they often stay up for most of the night singing and watching plays about the victory of light over dark, good over evil. On the day of Diwali,In India many wear new clothes, share sweets and snacks, and light firecrackers to celebrate this festival.

[edit] Census of 2001

The Hindu population of India according to the official 2001 census [1] is given below. Most drastic decrease in 1991-2001 period is observed in Manipur, from 57% to 46%, where there has been a resurgence of the indiginous Sanamahi religion. For more detailed figures from 2001 census, see this table.
Region ↓ Hindus ↓ Total ↓ % Hindus ↓
India 827,578,868 1,028,610,328

99.34%
Himachal Pradesh 5,800,222 6,077,900 95.43%
Chhattisgarh 19,729,670 20,833,803 94.70%
Orissa 34,726,129 36,804,660 94.35%
Dadra and Nagar Haveli 206,203 220,490 93.52%
Madhya Pradesh 55,004,675 60,348,023 91.15%
Daman and Diu 141,901 158,204 89.69%
Gujarat 45,143,074 50,671,017 89.09%
Andhra Pradesh 67,836,651 76,210,007 89.01%
Rajasthan 50,151,452 56,507,188 88.75%
Haryana 18,655,925 21,144,564 88.23%
Tamil Nadu 54,985,079 62,405,679 88.11%
Pondicherry 845,449 974,345 86.77%
Tripura 2,739,310 3,199,203 85.62%
Uttaranchal 7,212,260 8,489,349 84.96%
Karnataka 44,321,279 52,850,562 83.86%
Bihar 69,076,919 82,998,509 83.23%
Delhi 11,358,049 13,850,507 82.00%
Uttar Pradesh 133,979,263 166,197,921 80.61%
Maharashtra 77,859,385 96,878,627 80.37%
Chandigarh 707,978 900,635 78.61%
West Bengal 58,104,835 80,176,197 72.47%
Andaman and Nicobar Islands 246,589 356,152 69.24%
Jharkhand 18,475,681 26,945,829 68.57%
Goa 886,551 1,347,668 65.78%
Assam 17,296,455 26,655,528 64.89%
Sikkim 329,548 540,851 60.93%
Kerala 17,883,449 31,841,374 56.16%
Manipur 996,894 2,166,788 46.01%
Punjab 8,997,942 24,358,999 36.94%
Arunachal Pradesh 379,935 1,097,968 34.60%
Jammu and Kashmir 3,005,349 10,143,700 29.63%
Meghalaya 307,822 2,318,822 13.27%
Nagaland 153,162 1,990,036 7.70%
Lakshadweep 2,221 60,650 3.66%
Mizoram 31,562 888,573 3.55%